Basics of Aquatic Ecology and Water Management

The ecosystem of running waters is unique compared to all other ecosystems due to its directional flow, which connects diverse habitats and creates extensive contact areas with other ecosystems. The ecology of running waters is studied within the field of limnology (= freshwater ecology), the science of freshwater ecosystems, and is closely linked to the water management practices applied to these systems (Schwoerbel & Brendelberger 2022).

Furthermore, natural running waters and their floodplains are characterized by a particularly high diversity of animal and plant species. However, this biodiversity is under significant pressure, highlighting the critical need for coordinated planning between nature conservation and water management. By collaborating, these two fields can create synergistic effects that significantly enhance the overall health and sustainability of freshwater ecosystems. 

Running water ecosystems face various demands from both conservation and water management perspectives, with the preservation of biodiversity and flood protection serving as essential components. Together, nature conservation and water management fulfill vital societal functions. Conservation efforts focus on maintaining biological diversity (species and habitats), protecting water bodies and floodplains, establishing and securing nature reserves, and maintaining landscapes. Meanwhile, water management primarily addresses water supply and disposal, waterway development, flood protection, ensuring water quality, improving aquatic structures, and sustaining the ecological functionality of rivers and lakes. This collaborative approach is crucial for the overall health and resilience of these ecosystems.

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Sources

Schwoerbel, J. & Brendelberger, H. (2022): Introduction to Limnology. Material Balance – Biological Communities – Technology. 11th Updated Edition. Springer.

Environmental Federal Agency: Nature Conservation and Water Management